Sub-acute Administration of Aqueous Pericarp Extract of Hyphaene thebaica (Doum palm) on Haematological Parameters in Wistar Albino Rats
Keywords:
Doum palm, oral administration, Hyphaene thebaica, hematological parameters, Wistar ratsAbstract
This study is to ascertain the effect of sub-acute oral administration of aqueous pericarp extract of Hyphaene thebaica (Doum palm) on some haematological parameters in Wistar albino rats using graded doses (250, 500 & 750 mg/kg) of the aqueous pericarp extract and Vitamin C (500mg/kg) as a standard drug. The fresh pericarp of the plant collected was ground into a fine powder, and the aqueous product was prepared using the reflux method. The study used twenty-nine (29) Wistar albino rats, 4 for the acute toxicity using the up and down method and 25 for the haematological parameters. The blood sample was taken from the experimental rats after 28 days of extract administration. The sample was used for parked cell volume (PCV, %), red blood cell count (×106mm3), haemoglobin concentration (Hb,%), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells count and differential leucocytic counts determination using a standard method. Phytochemical analysis of the aqueous pericarp extract of Hyphaene thebaica (Doum palm) revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as saponins, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, cardenolides and flavonoids, respectively. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in parked cell volume, haemoglobin concentration (HB), red blood cell count, white blood cell count (WBC) and differential leukocytic count (DLC) in the Wistar rats during the 28 days of treatment with aqueous Hyphaene thebaica pericarp extract and Vitamin C (standard drug). The comparative effect of graded doses of the plant extract and vitamin C showed that the aqueous plant extract had influenced the haematological parameters more than the standard drug (Vit. C). The information obtained from this study proved the claims by traditionalists and herbalists in Northeastern Nigeria on the use of pericarp extract of Hyphaene thebaica as a haematinic and blood extender. This study also indicated the plant effect on a differential leucocytic count, where neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils were increased. Hence, the plant product is in clinical trials for the immune system in biological subjects.
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