Enhancing Senior Secondary Schools Students' Speaking Skill in English as a Second Language Through Teachers' Verbal Questioning in Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria
Keywords:
students' response, speaking skill, QuestioningAbstract
Questioning is an inseparable part of a classroom teaching/learning process that facilitate students' respone. This study, therefore, investigate students' speaking skills in English as a Second Language classroom through teachers' verbal questioning. Ninety students and ten English language teachers from five senior secondary schools in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria are randomly selected
as participants. Classroom observation and questionnaire schedule are used for data collection and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher's Exact Test and regression analysis are adopted for the test of hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result shows that teachers' questioning significantly facilitates students' speaking skill in English as Second Language. It also
reveals that the most used type of question among others is close/display questions which do not really facilitate much students' classroom responses.
The study, therefore, recommends that teachers should be aware of the importance of questioning as a fundamental skill for effective teaching and facilitating students speaking skill. Teachers should be trained on using all types of questions where the focus would be on leading students to higher level thinking in order to promote active interactions during classroom participation.
References
Adedoyin, O. (2010). An Investigation of the Effects of Teachers' Classroom Questions
on the Achievements of students in Mathematics: Case Study of Botswana
Community Junior Secondary Schools. European Journal of Educational Studies,
(3), 313-329.
Akmajian A., AkmajianA., DemersR. A., Farmer A. K. and Harnish R. M. (2017).
Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication. Cambridge, MA,
USA: The MIT Press.
Boyd, M. P. (2015). Relationship between Teacher questioning and Student talk in on
Elementary ELL Classroom. Journal of Literacy Research, 47(3), 370-404.
Brown, H. D. and Lee, H. (2015). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to
Language Pedagogy. White Plains, NY: Longman Pearson Education.
Chafi, M. E. and Elkhouzai, E. (2014). Classroom Interaction: Investigating the Forms
and Functions of Teacher Questions in Moroccan Primary School. International
Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 6(3), 352-36.
Chin, C. (2006). Classroom Interaction in Science: Teacher Questioning and Feedback to
Students' Responses. International Journal of Science Education, 11(28), 1315-
Collins, J., Harkin, J., and Nind, M. (2010). Manifesto in Learning: Fundamental
Principles. New York: A & C Black.
Croom, B. and Stair, K. (2005). Getting from q to a: Effective Questioning for Effective
Learning. The Agricultural Education Magazine, 78, 12-14.
Dalton-Puffer, C. (2007) Discourse in Content and Integrated Learning CLIL Classroom.
Intercultural Pragmatics, 6(3), 411-421.
Derakhshan A., Zeinali R. and Sharbati H. (2015). Features of classroom Discourse.
International Journal of Basic Science and Applied Research, 4(4), 240-244.
Fakeye, D. O. (2007). Teachers' questioning behaviour and ESL Classroom Interaction
Pattern. Humanity and Social Services Journal, 2(2), 127-131.
Fakeye, D. and Ayede, E. (2013). Teachers' questioning behaviour and Instructional
Organisation as Correlates of Students' Achievement in English Language. Global
Journal of Human Social Sciences, Linguistcs and Education, 13(2), 13-20.
Farahian, M. and Rezaee, M. (2012). A case study of an EFL teacher type of questions:
an Investigation into Classroom Interaction. Procedia-Social and Behavioral
Sciences, 47, 161-167.
Fisher D., Frey N. and Rothenberg C. (2008). Content-Area Conversations: How to
plan Discussion-Based Lessons for Diverse Language Learners. Alexandria:
Association of Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD).
Hamiloglu, K. and Temiz, G. (2012). The Impact of Teacher Questions on Student learning
in EFL. Journal of Educational and Instructional Studies in the World, 2(2), 1-8.
Hattie, J. A. C. (2012). Visible Learning for Teachers. London: Routledge.
Hussin, H. (2006). Dimensions of questioning: A Qualitative study of Current Classroom
Practice in Malaysia. The Electronic Journal for English as a Second Language,
(2), 1-18.
Jibowo, A. V. (2010). An Empirical investigation into Nigerian ESL learners' apprehension
of grammar classes. Journal of Language and Literature, MARANG, 20, 1-10.
Lee, Y. and Kinzie, M. B. (2012). Teacher question and student response with regard to
cognition and language use. Instructional Science, 40(6), 857-874.
Liu, J. and Lee, T. (2012). A case Study on College English classroom Discourse.
International Journal of innovative Interdisciplinary Research, 2, 1-10.
Mercer, N. and Dawes, L. (2014). The study of talk between teachers and students, from
the1970s until the 2010s. Oxford Review of Education, 40(4), 430-445.
Naz, A., Khan W., Khan Q., Daraz U. and Mujtaba B. G. (2013). Teacher's questioning
effects on students communication in classroom performance. Journal of
Education and Practice, 4(7), 148-158.
Shomoossi, N. (2004). The effect of teacher's questioning behavior on EFL Classroom
interaction: A classroom research study. The Reading Matrix, 4, 94-104.
Richards, J. and Lockhart, C. (2000). Reflective Teaching in Second Language
Classrooms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sinclair, J. and Coulhard, M. (1975). Towards an Analysis of Discourse. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Tuan, L. T. and Nhu, N. T. (2010). Theoretical Review on Oral Interaction in EFL
Classrooms. Studies in Literature and Language, 1(14), 29-48.
Vogler, K. E. (2005) Improve your Verbal Questioning. The Clearing House, 79(2): 98-
Yang, C. C. R. (2010). Teacher questions in second language classrooms: an investigation
of three case studies. Asian EFL Journal, 12(1), 181-201.