Application of Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) in Promoting Women's Adaptive Engagement towards Breast Self Examination

Abstract

The background of this review is based on health risk factors of breast
cancer, attitudes and behaviours of women towards early breast cancer
detection to reduce its prevalence rate. The Health Action Process
Approach (HAPA) propounded by Ralf Schwarzer in 2008 and the
Protection Motivation Theory propounded by Rogers in 1975 as
explanation for this phenomenon towards predicting behaviours and
redirecting actions towards health promotion are diligently examined.
Hence, the aim of this study is to apply Protection Motivation Theory
(PMT) and Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) to promote women's
adaptive engagements towards breast self examination. The health risk
behaviour streamlined was poor attitude and behaviour of breast self
examination leading to high mortality rate from breast cancer. The
theories were scholarly utilized to this behavioural contingent and it is
suggested among other points that voluntary and non-voluntary health
agencies should periodically organize seminars, conferences and other
platforms to educate women on approaches and importance of breast self
examination.